Conclusion
Stored-memory cases do not defeat ED-M when the subject can reflectively access the fact that he remembers, even without access to a particular memorial experience.
View claim pageArgument
Stored-memory cases do not defeat ED-M when the subject can reflectively access the fact that he remembers, even without access to a particular memorial experience.
Premises (7)
- Even when no particular episode of learning or memorial experience is reflectively accessible, Michael can have reflective access to the fact that he remembers that snow is white.Evidence for this premise (2)An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesMichael does, however, have reflective access to the fact that he remembers.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p4An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesMichael does, however, have reflective access to the fact that he remembers.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p4
- ED-MS requires, in paradigmatic stored-memory knowledge, factive and reflectively accessible rational support.Evidence for this premise (2)An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesS has stored memory knowledge that p only if S ’ s belief that p is formed through having rational support which is reflectively accessible and factive.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p1An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesS has stored memory knowledge that p only if S ’ s belief that p is formed through having rational support which is reflectively accessible and factive.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p1
- Milburn and Moon object that stored memory is often unconscious, illustrated by Michael remembering that snow is white while asleep, which appears to create an access problem for ED-MS.Evidence for this premise (2)An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesStored memory is often unconscious.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p2An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesStored memory is often unconscious.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p2
- The sleeping case creates a general problem for access internalists, rather than one specific to ED-MS, since it would also imply that one has experiential-memory knowledge only when not asleep.Evidence for this premise (2)An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesThe challenge here then is a general one for the access internalist, rather than a challenge that is specific to ED-MS.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p3An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesThe challenge here then is a general one for the access internalist, rather than a challenge that is specific to ED-MS.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p3
- The lack of an experiential component in stored memory does not reduce the rational support provided by remembering; when challenged, Michael can cite remembering that snow is white.Evidence for this premise (2)An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesThat this is devoid of the experiential component that is part of experiential memory does not lessen the rational support that it provides for his belief that snow is white.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p5An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support casesThat this is devoid of the experiential component that is part of experiential memory does not lessen the rational support that it provides for his belief that snow is white.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p5
- In the quiz-show/Radford-like case, Michael correctly answers that Elizabeth I died in 1603 but lacks reflective access to the fact that he remembers it and may regard the answer as a guess.Evidence for this premise (2)An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support caseslet us stipulate that he does not have reflective access to the fact that he remembers this.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p6An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge — Reply to objections from stored-memory cases and Radford-like inaccessible-support caseslet us stipulate that he does not have reflective access to the fact that he remembers this.https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/episteme/article/abs/an-epistemological-disjunctivist-account-of-memory-knowledge/14B783777BF7638A1B1D2F20750466D7#unit-5-p6
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- Are there other relevant examples that would support a different conclusion?Answer under reviewDraft answer
The paper considers a Radford-like quiz-show case in which Michael answers correctly but lacks reflective access to the fact that he remembers and takes the answer to be a guess. It treats this as importantly unlike the stored-memory case in which reflective access is present. Paper basis — "let us stipulate that he does not have reflective access to the fact that he remembers this." (An Epistemological Disjunctivist Account of Memory Knowledge, p. 12). Reconstructed from Kwok Chung Him et al. (2023); machine-drafted from the paper, filed for review.
- Is the property F genuinely causally or evidentially connected to property G?Open
- Is the example cited representative of the population?Open
- Are there relevant differences between the cited example and the case to which the conclusion is being applied?Open
- Is the number of examples sufficient to support the generalization?Open
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