The replication crisis is primarily a structural incentive problem — publication bias, p-hacking, and questionable research practices are driven by a system that rewards positive results — not a problem of individual researcher dishonesty.

Evidence (2)

Replicability-Index: Replication Crisis (2026)

Central empirical problems remain: unusually high rates of statistically significant results, implausible success rates given typical power, and repeated failures to reproduce headline findings.

https://replicationindex.com/category/replication-crisis/

Zhao (2026) Systemic forces in the replication crisis, Nature Reviews Psychology

Identifies systemic and institutional forces rather than individual failings as the drivers of replication failure.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s44159-025-00529-8

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