The time-evolving thermodynamic response is defined as HIST minus NAT, while PD minus NAT is used to analyse thermodynamic-component variability arising from modulation by dynamic conditions.

Evidence (1)

European summer drying largely driven by atmospheric circulation changes since the 1980s — Detailed simulation, counterfactual-forcing, and weather-regime procedures

The time-evolving, thermodynamic response is calculated from the difference between HIST and NAT.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02050-w#unit-7-p5

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