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  "isoId": "iso:argument:r410GGE4",
  "isoUrl": "https://www.isonomia.app/iso/argument/r410GGE4",
  "doi": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-08-24T19:50:14.027Z",
  "createdAt": "2026-08-09T01:05:42.736Z",
  "updatedAt": "2026-08-09T01:05:42.736Z",
  "conclusion": {
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    "text": "Expression of affect is distinct from assertion of affect: expressive acts are non-truth-based, unlike truth-conditional attitude assertions."
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      "moid": "1f95e5b4a0dff6b636387216e609403caaa2e9a321bb151a86aaa722d2e9056e",
      "text": "The rival view claims that exclamatives, declarative exclamations, and explicit attitude reports are semantically equivalent with respect to the speaker's attitude toward presupposed high-degree content.",
      "isImplicit": false
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      "text": "TG's disputed position is that exclamatives, declarative exclamations, and explicit attitude reports are semantically equivalent, including in at-issue and presupposed content.",
      "isImplicit": false
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      "text": "Expressive utterances such as “Ouch!”, “Damn!”, and “Wow!” are not intuitively true or false, unlike assertions such as “I am frustrated” or “I am surprised.”",
      "isImplicit": false
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      "text": "The relevant contrast is between expressing one's feelings and asserting factual information about them.",
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      "text": "The specific proposition TG attribute to all three utterance types concerns the speaker's attitude toward the presupposed proposition that Anya is smart to a high degree.",
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      "text": "Expressive speech acts are non-truth-based expressions of affect, rather than merely any affect-related meaning.",
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      "text": "The standard view predicts a discourse contrast because the affect-related component in exclamatives and declarative exclamations is expressive, whereas in explicit attitude declaratives it is truth-conditional.",
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    }
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