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    "text": "Exclamatory effects are realized through multiple pre-existing morphosyntactic, lexical, and prosodic strategies rather than through a dedicated exclamative form."
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      "text": "A distinct exclamative clause type would require an illocutionary force distinct from assertion, question, and command.",
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      "text": "An utterance with the relevant effect is analyzed as an emotive assertion: it asserts emotion, is veridically committed to the proposition's truth, and presupposes intensity.",
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      "text": "For the Kipchoge example, the analysis includes assertion of amazement or surprise, a subjective-veridicality presupposition that the speaker believes Kipchoge ran extremely fast, and a counter-expectation presupposition that the speaker did not expect this.",
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      "text": "The German and Greek data led to the syntactic claim that the relevant structures contain ellipsis of a higher emotive predicate and are embedded under a higher assertive predicate rather than instantiating an exclamative clause type.",
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