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    "text": "Question–answer examples are nondiagnostic because an exclamative can demonstrate surprise and thereby indirectly convey relevant information, while an emotive assertion also accesses the relevant information only indirectly through its embedded content."
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      "text": "The shared effects make the equation initially plausible, but they do not by themselves show that exclamatives and emotive assertions are structurally or functionally identical.",
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      "text": "Therefore, examples such as (3) do not discriminate between an attitude demonstration and an assertion of that attitude.",
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      "text": "The emotive-assertion account likewise accesses information about performance indirectly, because performance quality is only embedded information under its assumed silent emotive predicate.",
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      "text": "On the alternative analysis, exclamatives demonstrate attitudes toward states of affairs rather than assert corresponding attitudes.",
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      "text": "In the broad information-seeking question in (3), demonstrating surprise at Eliud's speed can indirectly inform the questioner about the quality of his performance.",
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