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  "doi": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-08-24T19:49:54.143Z",
  "createdAt": "2026-05-04T21:20:21.519Z",
  "updatedAt": "2026-05-04T21:20:21.519Z",
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    "moid": "29a7ec45d0b0fa35420836df071ffe1063c8a2579192e920532e6fd57f033853",
    "text": "The Guess et al. (2023) study's null individual-level effects preclude meeting the framing's 10% population-level threshold regardless of aggregation assumptions."
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  "premises": [
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      "moid": "2dba49a8abbe41c0705eb36661dcc28ceebe8fb9892a1954e490cf3907bb5305",
      "text": "The framing defines significant causal factor as one whose removal would reduce measured affective polarization growth by at least 10% of the observed change.",
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      "text": "Guess et al. (2023) found no detectable individual-level effect of algorithmic versus chronological feeds on affective polarization in a sample exceeding 23,000 participants.",
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        "text": "Could a different cause produce the same effect E in this case?",
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